For all of us, hair is an important part of our image and we can’t imagine ourselves without it. Hair is not only important for aesthetic purposes, it also traps heat and protects us from UV rays or dust. On average, each of us has between 80,000 and 150,000 hairs of different colours and textures.

Unfortunately, sometimes hair is also a source of worry. Hair sheds all the time, but usually the amount of shedding is replaced by an equal amount of new growth. If hair grows more slowly than it sheds, it starts to thin and balding sets in. Hair shedding or thinning is a problem that can affect both men and women for a variety of reasons. In this article, together with the Drops Clinic family clinic specialists, we’ll introduce you to hair loss, look at the most common causes and treatments.

What makes up hair and how does it grow?

Hair is a complex biological structure that almost all mammals, including humans, have. They perform not only aesthetic functions, but also other important functions in the body, such as thermoregulation, protection against UV rays and dust.

Hair is made up of proteins. The most important component of hair is keratin, a tough protein that forms the structure of hair. As much as 95% of hair is made up of keratin. The molecules of this protein are compacted and rotate around each other, giving the hair its strength and elasticity.

Hair is made up of three main parts: the visible hair shaft, the root and the end of the hair. The root is located at the very root of the hair, in the follicle or hair sac, which contains the basic cells. This is where the hair grows during the keratinisation process. Hair follicles are established during embryonic development and remain unchanged throughout life. Most people have between 80 000 and 150 000 hair follicles on their scalp. The main part of the hair is called the hair shaft. It can vary in diameter and colour depending on genetics and other factors.

The hair growth cycle includes three main phases: growth, dormancy and decline. The length of the cycle varies from individual to individual and can last from a few months to several years. The growth phase is the period when the hair is actively growing. This phase can last from 2 to 7 years. It is followed by the dormant phase. This is a phase lasting a few weeks, when the hair stops growing and the follicle prepares for hair loss. Finally, in the shedding phase, the hair is lost and the follicle starts a new cycle. About 80% of human hair is in the growth phase.

The rate and thickness of hair growth can vary depending on a person’s genetics and factors such as diet, general health and hormones, with androgens being the most influential.

Hair colour depends on a pigment called melanin. There are two types of melanin: dark eumelanin, which gives black and dark brown hair colours, and lighter pheomelanin, which gives red and light brown hair colours. Each person’s hair colour is the result of a mixture of these two pigments. Different ratios of these pigments result in different hair colours.

Many factors influence the growth and condition of hair. Genetics often determines hair thickness, colour and tendency to baldness. Nutrition and nutrient intake ensure hair health. Hormones can affect hair growth and density, so hormonal imbalances often lead to hair problems. Even environmental conditions, such as dryness and air pollution, can affect hair health. Hair is also sensitive to stress, so its condition can change with increased emotional stress.

In order to maintain healthy hair, it is important to take good care of it, protect it from harmful external factors, eat a healthy diet and avoid stress. These factors can have a significant impact on the condition of your hair, so it is important to monitor and care for your hair regularly.

Hair loss – when and why?

Although hair loss is a natural process, it can be accelerated by various factors. Hair loss can start at any stage of life, but it usually becomes more noticeable with age.

The most common causes of hair loss are:

Genetics (balding)

Genetic causes are one of the most common causes of hair loss. Genetic baldness is also known as alopecia.

Androgenetic alopecia is more common in men and diffuse alopecia in women. These conditions are inherited from the parents and cause follicular weakening, thinning of the hair and eventually hair loss.

Hormonal changes

Hormones, especially androgens, can have a significant impact on hair condition. Hormonal changes such as pregnancy, childbirth or menopause can often cause hair loss in women. In men, androgenic hormonal changes in older age can also lead to baldness.

Hormonal changes can be detected by blood tests. If hormonal problems are the cause of hair loss, it is important to first identify the exact causes of the fluctuations and restore the hormonal balance. Only then will it be possible to treat hair loss effectively.

Environmental factors

Various environmental factors, such as air pollution, acid rain or excessive dryness, can affect the condition of your hair.

Hair needs to breathe constantly and is easily damaged by chemicals in the air or precipitation. This can lead to hair loss, which is why it is essential to take proper care of and protect your hair and wear headwear outdoors.

Poor nutrition

Poor and incomplete nutrition and a lack of vitamins or micronutrients, especially iron, zinc and protein, can have a significant impact on hair health. It is important to include a variety of foods in your daily diet to ensure you get the necessary nutrients.

Seasonal vitamin and mineral deficiencies can also contribute to hair loss. Testing will help to determine what nutrients your body is deficient in and allow you to supplement your diet accordingly. This can help restore hair health and reduce hair loss.

Medicines and treatment

Some medicines, such as those used in chemotherapy, antidepressants or certain antibiotics, can have side effects including temporary hair loss. In most cases, hair loss slows down or disappears after the treatment is finished.

Autoimmune diseases

Some autoimmune diseases can cause hair loss in certain areas of the body. Focal alopecia is one such disorder. In this condition, the immune system attacks the hair follicles themselves, causing the hair to stop growing in those areas and disrupting the growth cycle.

Improper hair care

Improper hair care can damage your hair and cause hair loss. Aggressive colouring, regular use of hot styling appliances and mechanical damage can disrupt the structure of the hair, causing it to break and, over time, cause hair loss.

Stress and emotional tension

Hair loss can also be triggered by stress. Insufficient rest, lack of sleep and constant tension can affect the state of the body, causing hormonal disturbances and ultimately affecting the hair.

In all these cases, it is important to monitor the condition of your hair closely, consult your doctor and take proper care of your hair. Sometimes, excessive hair loss can be associated with other health problems, so it is important to identify the underlying cause and take appropriate measures before treating hair loss. If you notice more hair loss than usual, it is advisable to consult your doctor to determine the cause and the appropriate treatment.

What type of hair loss can there be?

Hair loss can take many forms. Each has its own causes and symptoms. Here are some of the most common types of hair loss:

Gradual thinning of hair on the top of the head

This is the most common type of hair loss, and is particularly common in older men as they get older. Often, men’s hair begins to thin at the hairline on the forehead. Older women may also experience hair loss from the forehead towards the top of the head. This condition is also known as anterior fibrous alopecia.

Round or patchy bald areas of the head

For some people, hair can start to fall out in patches, resulting in bald patches on the scalp. This condition is often referred to as annular alopecia and can cause not only baldness but also itchy, painful skin, especially before the hair falls out.

Sudden hair loss

Sudden and severe hair loss can occur after stress, physical trauma, sudden physical or emotional shock. In this case, hair often falls out simply by brushing, washing or even gently tugging on it. This type of hair loss usually covers the entire scalp and is often temporary.

Patches of dandruff on the scalp

Dandruff on the scalp often signals fungal inflammation. If you notice this type of hair loss, it is important to react immediately and consult a specialist. Along with hair loss and dandruff, hair breakage can also occur, and the scalp can become red and swollen.

It is important to remember that profuse hair loss can be a symptom of a complex condition and can be caused by a variety of factors such as genetics or hormonal changes. A doctor or hair specialist will help you to pinpoint the exact cause of hair loss and find the right treatment. Therefore, if you notice signs of hair loss, it is important to consult a health professional to determine which type of hair loss you have and the most appropriate treatment options.

What tests should I have when my hair is moving?

Hair loss tests are recommended for severe hair loss that persists for several months. Various tests will help to determine what has caused the hair loss and what disorders it is hiding.

It is important not to wait too long before having the tests, because if you wait too long and lose a lot of hair, the effects will be clearly visible, even if the hair loss is cured. Only after a thorough examination to determine the cause of the hair loss can the appropriate treatment be prescribed.

Here are some of the basic tests that can be useful in diagnosing the causes of hair loss:

1. Blood tests:

Blood tests are among the most essential tests for hair loss. They can help identify diseases or disorders that cause hair loss. Hair loss tests include a wide range of blood tests.

The most common tests include tests for various vitamins and trace elements (iron, zinc, vitamins D and B, deficiencies of which can have a negative effect on hair health), haemoglobin, ferritin and hormones (such as testosterone or thyroid hormones).

2. Hair follicle analysis:

Hair follicle analysis is a diagnostic test that provides insight into the health of the hair. This test involves taking a sample of the hair follicle and examining it in the laboratory.

Hair follicle analysis allows you to determine the condition of the hair follicle, the phase of hair growth and other important indicators. It can help determine whether hair loss is related to genetics, hormonal imbalances. It is also useful in cases where the hair is damaged due to inflammation, infection or other causes

3. Trichoscopy:

Trichoscopy is a non-invasive method of examination that allows a doctor or specialist to assess the condition of the hair and follicles in more detail.

Trichoscopy is performed using a special machine – a trichoscope – which magnifies the image several dozen times. A trichoscope can help determine the condition of the hair follicles, hair thickness, colour and other important parameters.

Trichoscopy allows doctors to assess the various causes of hair loss, especially androgenetic alopecia and inflammation of the hair follicles. It is also an important method to monitor the effectiveness of hair loss treatments.

This diagnostic method is safe, fast and accurate and is therefore used by many doctors to identify and treat hair disorders.

4. Dermatologist consultation:

A consultation with a dermatologist is an extremely important part of a hair loss examination. Dermatologists are specialists with in-depth knowledge of scalp and hair health. They can carry out a thorough examination of the hair and scalp, identify the causes of hair loss and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

5. Hair analysis:

Hair analysis allows you to determine the condition of your hair, such as hair thickness, keratin level, structure and many other parameters. This can provide important information on hair health and allow the causes of hair loss to be identified.

6. Thyroid tests:

Thyroid tests may be needed if a thyroid disorder is suspected that may cause hair loss. Thyroid tests include a variety of tests: thyroid hormone tests, thyroid ultrasound.

Hair loss tests are important to identify the specific causes of hair loss and the appropriate treatment. Only after an accurate diagnosis can effective treatments be found to stop or at least slow down hair loss. It is important to remember that hair loss can be caused by a variety of factors, so professional advice is essential in order to properly assess each case.

Hair loss treatment and course?

It is important to bear in mind that each case is unique. The treatment and course of hair loss may vary depending on the causes of hair loss and the individual needs of the patient. Here are some of the treatments for hair loss:

1. Ozone and intravenous therapy:

Ozone therapy is an alternative treatment for hair loss. During the treatment, a small amount of blood is drawn from the patient, which is saturated with ozone gas and returned to the patient’s body by intravenous injection. Ozone therapy improves blood circulation and is an effective and natural treatment for hair loss.

Intravenous drip therapy is also available, where special preparations enriched with vitamins and trace elements are injected into the veins. This is a great way to enrich the body with the necessary nutrients, if you don’t want to take pills, and thus improve the condition of your hair.

“At Drops Clinic Family Clinic, we provide both ozone and intravenous therapies. We can offer a wide range of products to help tackle hair loss: a zinc, copper and selenium cocktail, a B vitamin complex and folic acid. All these micronutrients improve the condition of the hair and are useful to stop hair loss.

2. Injectable treatments:

Injectable treatments such as plasma therapy or vitamin injections can be useful in strengthening hair and promoting hair growth. These treatments are more commonly prescribed for those suffering from extreme hair thinning.

3. Laser therapy:

Laser therapy is a non-invasive treatment for hair loss. During the therapy, the hair follicles are stimulated to promote hair growth. This treatment is often used against hair loss and can be very effective in reducing hair thinning. Most patients experience minimal discomfort during laser therapy and do not require long rehabilitation.

4. Hair strengthening products:

Drugs such as minoxidil and finasteride are often used in the treatment of androgenic alopecia. These drugs help to stop hair loss and promote the growth of new hair. Such drugs must be used continuously to maintain their beneficial effects.

5. Hair transplantation:

Hair transplantation is an invasive and often extreme treatment for severe hair loss. In a hair transplant, healthy hair follicles are taken from one area of the body and transplanted into the area of hair loss. This treatment is often used for people with advanced hair loss. This treatment can be expensive and requires a long time for rehabilitation.

6. Hormone therapy:

Hormone therapy can be used to treat profuse hair loss. This treatment is used when severe hair loss is due to hormonal changes. Hormone therapy can only be prescribed by a specialist and only after thorough blood tests.

As you can see, there are many treatments for hair loss. Their choice depends on the causes of hair loss, the individual needs of the patient and the recommendations of the specialist. It is important to understand that hair loss can be a complex and lengthy process, so it is important to be patient and consistent with the treatment plan chosen. With the right treatment options, many people are able to reduce or even stop hair loss and restore hair density.

Hair is an important part of our appearance. Unfortunately, they can sometimes be a cause for concern. Although hair has its own life cycle and is constantly changing, when more hair is lost than is grown, it is a cause for concern. However, by taking timely action, understanding the causes of hair loss and choosing the right treatment, it is possible not only to slow down or stop hair loss, but also to restore the health of your hair.

Frequently asked questions

Is hair loss treatment painful?

Hair loss treatment should not usually be painful. Most hair loss treatments, including medication, hair care or laser therapy, are non-invasive and do not cause physical discomfort or pain.

A hair transplant procedure, which involves the transplantation of hair from one part of the body to another, can cause some discomfort, but the procedure is usually performed under local anaesthesia, so the patient does not feel pain.

It is important to consult a qualified doctor, as only he or she can determine the right treatment plan, taking into account the individual needs of the patient and the causes of hair loss.

Do I need to change my lifestyle to stop hair loss?

Lifestyle changes can be very helpful in slowing down or slowing down hair loss. Lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity and emotional health can have a significant impact on hair health. Here are some recommendations:

• Make sure your diet is varied and enriched with the necessary nutrients, especially iron, zinc and protein, needed for hair growth.
• Stress can be one of the causes of hair loss, so it is important to learn to manage stress. Take up meditation, yoga or simply make sure you get good quality regular rest.
• Regular physical activity can help to improve blood circulation and overall health, leading to better hair health.
• Proper hair care can help keep your hair healthy and strong. Choose gentle hair care products and avoid aggressive colouring and heat styling appliances that can damage the hair.

However, it is important to stress that these changes will only help to maintain hair health. If excessive hair loss is caused by genetic, hormonal or other internal factors, medical treatment may be necessary. It is therefore always important to consult a doctor to determine the real cause of hair loss and to choose an appropriate treatment plan.

When should I be concerned and seek professional help for hair loss?

Hair loss is a common occurrence, but in certain situations it may require the help of a specialist.

There are a number of signals that should be heeded and a dermatologist should be contacted immediately:

• Sudden and severe hair loss;
• Bald spots;
• Itching, rashes or pain in the scalp area;
• Rapid deterioration of hair;
• Hair loss in older age;
• Hair loss in children or adolescents;
• Genetic predisposition to hair loss;
• Dandruff occurring in association with hair loss;
• Hair loss after illness, treatment or stress.

These symptoms can signal more serious health problems and, if not addressed in time, can have long-term consequences. By consulting a specialist in time, you can take the right treatment and thus preserve the health of your hair.

When are results seen in hair loss treatment?

The timeframe in which the first results of hair loss treatment can be seen can vary depending on the type of treatment, the individual situation of each patient and the cause of the hair loss. Usually, the first results are visible within a few weeks or months after the start of treatment.

It is important to understand that hair growth is a slow process and it may take time to see real results. Here are some of the things that can affect the timeframe for hair loss treatment:

1. The treatment option chosen. The time it takes to see the first results depends very much on which treatment method you use. Some medicines, such as minoxidil or finasteride, may take longer to fully work and show first results. Other treatments, such as hair transplants, may take many months to see final results.
2. Causes of hair loss. If your hair loss is due to temporary conditions such as stress or certain illnesses, you can expect your hair loss to stop as soon as you have dealt with these problems and your hair will start to grow back within a few weeks or months.
3. Individual factors. The rate of hair growth can vary considerably from person to person. It depends on genetics and the hereditary initial condition of the hair, age, hormone levels and general health. Some patients may see results within a few weeks, while others may take several months.
4. Hair recovery period. When the chosen treatment is appropriate and effective, patients may notice that their hair has begun to shed less in the first few weeks or months. However, this is often just the beginning. Full hair restoration can be a very slow process. Most professionals state that a really noticeable difference can be expected 6-12 months after starting treatment.
5. Ongoing care and treatment period. Hair loss is often a chronic problem, and a long-term care and treatment plan may be necessary to stop hair loss completely. Some treatments can be used over a long period of time to maintain positive results.

It is important to remember that patience is important here. Only patience, targeted treatment and regular consultations with a specialist are the keys to successful hair loss treatment.

The results of ozone therapy can be seen after just a few sessions.